JUnit4整合Spring出现的包不兼容问题

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在创建“物业报修系统”项目时，我第一次尝试使用了Maven来创建（基于InteliJ IDEA），在配置Spring的依赖时，手动逐个import各个包，结果在启动JUnit4单元测试时出现以下错误：

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java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils.isInJavaLangAnnotationPackage(Ljava/lang/annotation/Annotation;)Z

    at org.springframework.test.util.MetaAnnotationUtils.findAnnotationDescriptor(MetaAnnotationUtils.java:117)
    at org.springframework.test.util.MetaAnnotationUtils.findAnnotationDescriptor(MetaAnnotationUtils.java:88)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.ActiveProfilesUtils.resolveActiveProfiles(ActiveProfilesUtils.java:80)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:367)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:305)
    at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.<init>(DefaultTestContext.java:67)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:103)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:115)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:408)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:29)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:21)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:26)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.FilterRequest.getRunner(FilterRequest.java:31)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:98)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:234)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:74)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)


Process finished with exit code -1

我调试了半天，没发现代码里有错误，于是谷歌一下，有人说是包不兼容云云，我心里真是狗粮咧（那么多包都认识我，但我不认识它们，要在几十个包里解决包不兼容问题，这也太难了吧-_-）。

于是乎，我重新创建了一个项目，一次性编写完Spring的依赖，让InteliJ IDEA用Maven的方式帮我引入各个包，再次启动JUnit4的单元测试，得到了测试通过的提示…

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